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Návštěvnost v Krkonošském národním parku – ochota platit za kulturní ekosystémové služby a vliv pandemie Covid-19 na návštěvnost v parku
Krejčí, Tomáš
The thesis deals with the topic of willingness to pay for ecosystem services in the Krkonoše Mountains National Park. It also examines the impact of COVID measures on visitor numbers in this National Park. The aim of the thesis was to determine the potential willingness of visitors to the Krkonoše Mountains National Park to pay for entrance. A secondary aim of the thesis was to evaluate the effect of the Covid-19 measures on visitor numbers based on data from census facilities located in the National Park. A literature search method was used in the thesis to clarify the concept of ecosystem services, their valuation and payment for them, including the willingness-to-pay method. Quantitative research was used to fulfill the objective of the thesis in which data was collected from a questionnaire survey. The data was then compiled into contingency tables and interpreted using graphical displays. The most common amount that visitors are willing to pay to enter the National Park was found to be 50 CZK. Data from the census facilities showed that anti-Covid-19 measures that somehow restrict the movement of people have a negative effect on visitor numbers in the National Park.
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Legislative of The Krkonoše Mountains National Park and other Europian national parks with respect to the regulation of conditions of the tourist trade
JELÍNKOVÁ, Zuzana
The bachelor thesis is made for the purposes of authority of The Krkonoše Mountains National Park (KRNAP). In the thesis there is documented the state of the sport activities and their position in the legislative in the area of The Krkonoše Mountains National Park and other European national parks with similar geomorphological conditions. The aim of this work is to compare the problems of sport and recreational activities and their solution in the Czech national park and in comparison to the foreign countries. The alternative aim of this thesis is the proposal of sustainable arrangements which are successfully used in the foreign countries and that would be possible to implement them to the Czech legislative defining the conditions of travel movement in the national parks.
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Analysis of important grass species distribution in the Krkonoše Mts. tundra using remote sensing
Ježek, Vít ; Kupková, Lucie (advisor) ; Červená, Lucie (referee)
Analysis of important grass species distribution in the Krkonoše Mts. tundra using remote sensing Abstract The aim of this thesis was to test the application of maximum likelihood classification, Random forest, Support vector machine and object-oriented classification with the Support vector machine classifier on selected areas in the Krkonoše Mts. relict arctic-alpine tundra for the purpose of mapping the distribution of vegetation with a focus on conservation-important grass species. The research used pre-processed multitemporal hyperspectral data and multispectral data from UAS with a spatial resolution of 0.03 m and 0.06 m and hyperspectral aerial data with a spatial resolution of 0.6 m together with training and validation data collected by botanists directly from the fields using GPS (all data are from 2019-2021). The classifications achieved excellent results. The best overall accuracies were achieved by the object-oriented classification, with accuracies ranging between 80-95 %. Similarly, good results were also achieved by pixel methods - Random forest and Support vector machine (highest overall accuracy 94 %). Of the important grass species, Calamagrostis villosa (producer's accuracy 99.73 %, user's accuracy 99.95 %) and Deschampsia cespitosa (producer's accuracy 99.98 %, user's accuracy 99.33 %)...
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Analysis of tundra vegetation developement using a time series of ortoimages in the Krkonoše Mountains
Pajmová, Petra ; Kupková, Lucie (advisor) ; Potůčková, Markéta (referee)
Analysis of tundra vegetation developement using a time series of ortoimages in the Krkonoše Mountains Abstract The aim of this study is to analyse changes in arctic-alpine tundra vegetation in the Krkonoše Mountains using archival and current aerial imagery with red, green and blue bands and spatial resolution of 0.5 m. Three small areas of interest (cca 100 100 m) with different types of vegetation and a one larger area of the eastern tundra were studied. Several classification methods (Maximum likelihood classification, Random forest and object-based classification) were tested to obtain the best classification results. For more detailed analysis of grass species development, unsupervised classification and extended time series (5 orthoimages) were used for the area of Bílá louka. Classification were executed in softwares ENVI 5.5 and R 4.2.1. The highest overall accuracy of the 2020 image classifications were over 70% in all study areas, in some cases over 80%. With the exception of the Luční hora area (58%), the best overall accuracies for 2004 image were above 65%. After comparing classification results between years 2004 and 2020, a possible development trend was revealed. But due to low accuracy of the 2004 data classifications, this cannot be reliably demonstrated. Key words: classification,...
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Development of selected invasive species and meadow vegetation classification algorithm in the Krkonoše Mountains using hyperspectral data
Jelének, Jan ; Kupková, Lucie (advisor) ; Halabuk, Andrej (referee)
Development of selected invasive species and meadow vegetation classification algorithm in the Krkonoše Mountains using hyperspectral data Abstract The thesis deals with utilization of airbone APEX hyperspectral image data for selected invasive species and meadow vegetation classification in the study area of the Krkonoše Mountains National Park. The mian goal of the thesis was to develop of classification algorithm based on proposed vegetation indices. The approach was based on the utilization of in-situ LAI, fAPAR, chlorophyll content data and analysis of their relation with vegetation spectral properties. The work also deals with several problems regarding LAI - vegetation indices relationship, namely saturation of LAI and mutual correlation of LAI and chlorophyll content. Tha classification was focued on invasive species Rumex alpinus and Lupinus polyphyllus, meadow vegetation with dominant Nardus stricta and dominant Trisetum flavescens and cutted lawns. Besides the proposed approach, the presented work resulted in several classification maps of study area and in spectral libraries, containing ground level spectra of studied invasive species, meadow vegetation types and several other meadow species. Keywords: hyperspectral image data, APEX, LAI, fAPAR, vegetation indices, invasive species, meadow...
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Sustainable tourism and resident management in the central part of KRNAP
Brožková, Hana ; Čihař, Martin (advisor) ; Jelínková, Jindřiška (referee)
Keywords: Sustainable tourism, Protected areas, Management, Monitoring, Krkonose National Park, Residents, Spindleruv Mlyn Tourism offers various services to all participants. The constantly growing desire for discovering new landscapes, cultures, education and economic profit exerts pressure on the environmental and social surroundings that are stronger in the protected areas (PA). State and private spheres make an effort to regulate the flow of visitors through sustainable management, to which the promotion and coordination of all stakeholders of tourism is the main aim. Visitor monitoring is an essential management tool in PA and can lead to conflict resolution and reduction of the impact on nature and society. Charles University in Prague was the first institution in the Czech Republic to show concern through methodical regular visitor surveys in the PA. This work pursues and focused on the opinions of people in Krkonose tourist resort Spindleruv Mlyn (SM) in 1999, 2004 and 2009. In 2009, respondents in SM noticed the build- up of development as the most frequent ecological problem, which causes changes in social and economic life of the village as well as changes in the character of the landscape. Despite these perceptions, positive attitudes of the monitored respondents group prevailed for...
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Evaluation of landscape changes in the Krkonoše Mountains national park using remote sensing and landscape metrics
Karvánek, Matouš ; Kupková, Lucie (advisor) ; Štych, Přemysl (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to analyse of land cover and landscape state in the Krkonoše Mountains National Park between 1999 and 2007, using supervised classification and landscape metrics calculation. After the classification (Maximum likelihood algorithm) based on legend with 8 categories (5 types of vegetation, arable land, water areas, other areas), overlay analysis was performed by change detection and map sof land cover state and changes were created. The changes of the landscape and landscape components state were evaluated using landscpae metrics in software Fragstats. The overall accuracy for the image from 1999 was 81,50% and for the image from 2007 83,25%. Based on results i tis possible to conclude, that the area of forests increased and as fr the species composition the share of deciduous forests increased during this time period. Shift to a less diverse landscape was recorded based on landscape metrics evaluation. Coniferous forests comprised the landscape matrix in 1999 and also in 2007. Key words: supervised classification, land cover, landscape metrics, SPOT, FRAGSTATS, The Krkonoše Mountains National Park
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Krajina v pohraničí a její specifika
Nováková, Anna
The bachelor thesis is focused on landscape in Czech-Polish borderlands. Selected areas of the Giant Mountains were specified. Furthermore there were compared some examples of economic activities and ongoing cooperation. At first the region of the Giant Mountains was described in detail. There were used except book research comparative method as well and the method of field research. Research shows that the Giant Mountains landscape is significantly influenced by human activity nevertheless unique plant association and animal species are associated with this landscape. Territory management is adapted to this situation. It was found out that the cooperation between the Polish administration of the Giant Mountains National Park and the Czech administration of the Giant Mountains National Park is intensively under way and the cooperation is on a very high level. Both managements closely cooperate on the unique of this landscape and they try to keep sustainable tourist industry in the Giant Mountains territory.
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